随着科技文化不断深入发展与交流,科技英语翻译也在不断增加,现在九重歌武汉翻译公司与大家一起学习与分享科学技术资料翻译的以下几点方法和技巧:
1. 直译与意译
1) Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.
译文:爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一的理论。(直译)
2) All four (outer planets) probably have cores of metals, silicates, and water.
译文:这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。(意译)
3) The designer must have access to stock lists of the materials he employs.
译文:设计师必须备有所使用材料的储备表。(意译)
4) Part adjustment and repair must be performed on a regular basis if an acceptable printed product is to be the end product.
译文:要使印刷品的质量达到要求.部件调试及修理就必须定期进行。(意译)
2. 合译与分译
1) The most important of the factors affecting plant growth is that it requires the supply of water.
译文:植物生长的各因素中最重要的是水的供应。(合译)
2) The doctor analyzed the blood sample for anemia.
译文:医生对血样作了分析,看是不是贫血症。(分译)
3) The apparent change in size of the sun is caused by dust in the air near the horizon.
译文:太阳的大小看起来有变化,这是由于靠近地平线的空气中有尘粒而引起的。(分译)
4) These fragments of rock and iron range from a thousand kilometers in diameter to less than one.
译文:这些石块和铁块的碎片大小不等.大的直径有1,000公里,小的不到1公里。(分译)
5) Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced.
译文:制造过程可以分为单件生产和大量生产。前者指的是生产少量的零件,后者则是指生 产大量相同的零件。(分译)
3、顺译与倒译
1) Almost any insulated body possesses to some extent the ability to retain for a time an electric charge.
译文:几乎任何一种绝缘体都多少具有保留电荷一段时间的能力。
2) The angular-contact bearing provides a greater thrust capacity.
译文:向心推力轴承有较大的轴向承载能力。
3) The properties of the weld can be altered by varying the grain orientation.
译文:通过改变晶粒的方位可以改变焊缝的性能。
4、增译与省译
1) Cartography is the science of making maps.
译文:制图学是研究绘制地图的科学。(增译了动词“研究”)
2) Many elements in nature are found to be mixtures of different isotopes.
译文:人们发现,自然界里许多元素.都是各种不同的同位素的混合物。(增译了代词“人们”)
3) The two units used most frequently in electricity are ampere and volt: this is the unit of voltage and that of current.
译文:电学上最常用的两个单位是安培和伏特:后者是电压的单位.前者是电流的单位。(增译了名词“单位”)
4) That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity.
译文:同性电荷相斥、异性电荷相吸是电学的_个基本规律。(省译了连词but)
5、翻译以下句子,注意其中定语成分的处理
1) For two forces to cancel, they must act on the same object.
译文:为了使两个力能相互抵消,它们必须作用在同一物体上。
2) This charged particle is small enough to be considered as a point.
译文:这个带电粒子小到可以被看成一个点。
3) Doubling the volume means halving the pressure.
译文:使体积加倍,意味着使压力减半。
4) On integrating this equation, we obtain a formula whereby the exponent of the cosine factor is unchanged.
译文:对这个方程积分后,我们得到了一个公式,根据这个公式,余弦因子的指数并不改变。
5) The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the force acting and is inversely proportional to the mass of the body.
译文:物体的加速度正比于作用力而反比于物体的质量。
6) The energy required to effect the successive accelerations and move an electron from one point to another is called the electric potential difference.
译文:为了引起不断的加速而使电子从一点运动到另一点所需的能量,称为该两点间的电位差。
6、翻译以下句子,注意翻译的标准
1) The power plant is the heart of a ship.
译文:动力装置是船舶的心脏。(英语中一词多义的现象很普遍。翻译时要根据上下文判断多义词的准确含义,尤其是在翻译科技英语时,一定要选用恰当的中文词汇。plant—词含义很多,但在此句中应该是"设备,装置"的意思。)
2) The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor.
译文:驱动这些机器的动力装置是_台50马力的感应电动机。(该句也存在英语中一词多义的现象。unit—词含义很多.但在此句中应该是"装置"而不是"单元"的意思)
3) Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications.
译文:半导体装置也称为晶体管,在许多应用中替代电子管。(不好);半导体器件也称为晶体管,在许多场合替代电子管。(较好)
4) Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely.
译文:狭窄的条件就意味着旅客的腿不能自由活动。(不好);空间狭窄,旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。(较好)
5) All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.
译文:所有物体被知道具有重量并占据空间。(不好);我们知道,所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。(较好)
6) The removal of minerals from water is called softening.
译文:从水中把矿物质去除被叫做软化。(欠佳) 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。(简洁)
学习英语是一个长期不断积累不断提升自己的过程,只要坚持到底,武汉翻译九重歌武汉光谷翻译公司相信我们的英语水平和能力一定会顶呱呱。